William s



(No Model.)

W. S. LAYGOOK.

VENTILATOR.

No. 468,933. Patented Feb. 16,1892.

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UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

'WILLIAM S. LAYCOOK, OF SHEFFIELD, ENGLAND.

VENTIILATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 468,933, dated February16, 1892. Application filed August 18, 1891. Serial No. 4031008. (N0model.) Patented in England May 28, 1891, No. 9,041.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM SAMUEL LAY- COCK, a subject of the Queen ofGreat Britain, and a resident of Sheffield, in the county of York,England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inVentilators, (patented to me in Great Britain by Letters Patent No.9,041, dated May 28, 1891;) and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

This invention refers more particularly to double-coned ventilators orair-extractors for ships use; and the object of the invention is toprevent the ingress of water into anddown the ventilating-pipescommunicating with the cabins or other rooms or compartments,which mightoccur in shipping seas through ventilators not having such protectivemeans. I attain this object by the introduction of a valve to close themouth of the ventilating pipe in the manner illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical section of adoubleconed ventilator, showing the float-valve open. Fig. 2 is avertical section of a double-coned ventilator with the mouth of pipeopening upward and balanced valve. Fig. 3 is a vertical part section ofsame ventilator, in which the valve is operated by an outside float.

. Similar letters of reference refer to similar parts in any of thefigures in which they occur.

The ventilator or air-extractor consists of two hollow cones A B, thebase of one cone being supported opposite to but at a short distancefrom the base of the other cone, leaving an air-passage between themwhich is protected by an outside ring 0. The cones and the ring areattached to each other and also to a short length of pipe D, which inFig. 1 acts as a socket and in Figs. 2 and 3 as a support or base. Inwhichever direction the wind strikes the ventilator it will be deflectedfrom a large area of surface, causing a partial vacuum in theair-passage between the cones and drawing the air with great power fromthe ventilator-pipe D and from any other pipes connected therewith.

To prevent any inrush of water into the pipes of the ventilator andpossibly into the ventilated cabins or other ventilated places, such asmight be caused by the rolling of the vessel or otherwise shipping asea, according to one arrangement I bend the outlet ventilating-pipe Eto which the ventilator is attached until its mouth is underneath, asshown other like supports inside the pipe I carry a valve G, that whenraised sufficiently high will close the mouth of the pipe and preventthe entrance of water. I prefer to make the outer part or covering ofthe valve and its rod of aluminium on account of its lightness, and theinterior of cork, so that the whole valve will be buoyant and willfloat.

I do not bind myself to the particular form or construction offloat-valve, as it is evident such may be varied. Thus, for example, ahollow rubber ball supported centrally by a chain may be used as asubstitute for the cork valve before described. If, therefore, theventilator was submerged by a sudden rush of water, the valve would atonce rise and close the mouth of the pipe and would drop again when thewater had receded.

In the ventilator shown in Fig. 2, in which the mouth of theventilating-pipe opens upward, a valve or cover H is supported aboveequivalent means and at such a distance as not to interfere with theexhaust. It is balanced in this position by a lever or arm I and aweight J, so that any rush of water upon the valve or cover H will carryit down and close the mouth of the pipe D.

In Fig. 3 I show another method of operating the valve or cover H, whichis carried in a similar manner to that last described. In this method Iuse an outside annular float K, which by its gravity draws the valve upto its highest position by means of chains I1, connectedwith thevalve-spindle. When a flow of water rises round the ventilator, thefloat is carried up by its buoyancy and the valve drops over the mouthof the pipe, returning to the position shown as the water retires.

balance-weight, as shown in Fig. 2, I may use a light coiled spring madeof some non-corrodible metal, or steel protected by a deposition ofnon-corrodible metal.

Having thus described my invention and in Fig. 1, and by means ofcross-stays F or the mouth of the pipe in cross-stays or by Instead ofthe valve being supported by a IOO and fitted internally withabalanced-valve or cover H, normally supported away from the 15 mouth ofsaid outlet-pipe and closed by an inrush of water, substantially ashereinbefore specified. y

In testimony that I claim the foregoingas my own I have affixed heretomy signature, 20 in presence of two witnesses, this 1st day of August,1891.

VILLIAM S. LAYCOCK.

Witnesses:

RoBT. F. DRURY, B. E. DRURY.

